'Crude' implications of Argentina's election

The Oilholic has hopped over from Santiago de Chile for a splash and dash pre-election visit to the Argentine capital of Buenos Aires. Braving fake banknotes, dodgy cab drivers, eateries where prices change daily and a services sector with few scruples if any, yours truly finds himself peeking at ongoing electioneering in the run-up to the October 25th presidential election, standing beside the Obelisco de Buenos Aires.

In all likelihood, a presidential run-off looms for a successor to Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner, who claims to be leaving behind a “crisis free” country where of course inflation is close to 30% by unofficial accounts and the IMF expects the economy to shrink further.

Centre-left candidate Daniel Scioli, handpicked by Kirchner (who cannot seek a third term under the constitution), is vying with centre-right man and Buenos Aires mayor Mauricio Macri. Not many in the Argentine capital, give the “third guy” Sergio Massa, a former ally of Kirchner's (before relations soured), much of a hope. However, his support – should a run-off happen – would be vital. 

The incoming president would have an almighty mess to deal with in a country that has the dubious title of slipping from being a developed economy at the turn of the previous century to a third world country in the 21st century. Both main candidates promise to lower inflation to single digits and stimulate growth. Some (but not all) in Buenos Aires are simply glad Kirchner would be gone.

Discussing what shape the country’s energy policy in general (and oil and gas policy in particular) takes would be pointless before we know who the next occupant of the President’s office is. Much still remains at stake, including Buenos Aires’ continued hostility to offshore oil and gas exploration in the Falkland Islands (or Las Malvinas) as the Argentines call it, given the history of the territory. Despite Kirchner’s whinging to deflect attention from internal political woes, oil and gas explorers in the contentious British territory, claimed by Buenos Aires, are not going to go away.

If anything, the oil price decline, rather than something Buenos Aires does, is likely to have a bigger impact on future prospects. Away from the contentious side issue, it’s the direction of Argentina’s shale exploration that’s of a much bigger significance in a global context.

As the US Energy Information Administration noted earlier this year, if you exclude the US and Canada – only Argentina and China happen to be producing either natural gas from shale formations or crude oil from tight formations (tight oil) at an international level. How the country’s promising Neuquen Basin develops further would have a massive bearing on the economy. But where we go from here, given for instance the Repsol versus Federal Government histrionics of the past, would be anyone’s guess. 

The Oilholic intends to probe the subject more deeply at a later stage both on this blog as well as for Forbes, once we know who the next Argentine president is.

However, for the moment, that’s all from Buenos Aires folks. Yours truly leaves you all with a breathtaking  view of the Andes Mountain range as seen from LAN Airlines flight 1447 coming from Santiago de Chile to Buenos Aires (right). Keep reading, keep it crude!

Update, October 26th: With 96% of the votes counted, according to the AFP, Scioli was marginally ahead with 36.7% of the vote, while Macri had 34.5%. Massa, who came a distant third has accepted defeat but not stated who he would be supporting. A presidential election run-off has been scheduled for November 22.

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© Gaurav Sharma 2015. Photo I: Obelisco de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Photo II: Andes Mountain as seen from flight LAN1447 Santiago de Chile to Buenos Aires, Argentina © Gaurav Sharma, October 2015

Oh drat! Brits ask what the ‘Frack’!

The Oilholic arrived back home from Texas last week to the sound of fellow Brits discussing ‘fracks’ and figures in favour of shale gas prospection here. All UK activity ground to a halt last year, when a couple of minor quakes majorly spooked dwellers of Lancashire where a company – Cuadrilla – was test fracking.

Fast forward to April 2012, and a UK government appointed panel of experts including one from the British Geological Survey now says, "There was a very low probability of other earthquakes during future treatments of other wells. We believe that (last year's) events are attributable to the existence of an adjacent geological fault that had not been identified. There might be other comparable faults, (and) we believe it's not possible to categorically reject the possibility of further quakes."

However, it added that while the tremors may be felt in areas where fracking is conducted, they won’t be above magnitude 3 on the Richter scale and were unlikely to cause any significant damage. The panel’s report has now been sent for a six-week consultation period.

The British Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) is expected to issue a set of regulations soon and ahead of that a verbal melee has ensued with everyone for or against wanting a say and environmental groups crying foul. However, there was near unanimous approval for a control mechanism which would halt fracking activity as soon as seismic levels rise above 0.5 on the Richter scale. The engineers wanted in too.

Dr. Tim Fox, Head of Energy and Environment at the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, says, “The recommendations that any shale gas operations should be more closely monitored are welcome. UK and European environmental regulations are already some of the most stringent in the world; and these proposed precautions are a good example of how to help mitigate the risk of any damage caused by seismic activity as a result of shale gas activity.”

City energy analysts also gave the panel’s conclusions a cautious thumbs-up as there is a long way to go before a meaningful extraction of the gassy stuff occurs in any case. Jim Pearce, Energy and Process Industries practice partner at global management consultancy A.T. Kearney, says, “Shale developments offer the UK an opportunity to exploit a relatively clean resource and fill the energy gap that is opening up once again as nuclear projects come under threat. If the UK is going to use gas we should look for the best available source, which is arguably shale gas. Moreover, shale developments may also provide the UK’s chemical industry with a much needed boost if ethane and other NGL’s (natural gas liquids) are also found.”

He opines that UK and the rest of Europe are falling rapidly behind on gas supply security and cost. “Our key industries will be coming under increasing threat if we do not react to the new order that shale has created. We have a great opportunity here to take the lessons learned from the US and benefit from them,” Pearce adds.

Oh what the ‘frack’, that’s surely reason enough to tolerate a few quakes providing the security of the water table is preserved and concerns over water pollution are addressed. Yikes, that’s another quaky one! Away from shale, the 30th anniversary of the Falkland Islands war between the UK and Argentina came and went earlier this month marked by remembrance services for the fallen, but accompanied by the usual nonsensical rhetoric from British and Argentine officials, more so from the latter irked by oil prospection off the Islands’ shores which it claims as its own.

Five independent British oil companies are exploring four areas for oil in Falkland Islands’ waters, but only one of these – Rockhopper – claims to have struck meaningful reserves of the crude stuff. It says it could get 350 million barrels in the Sea Lion field to the north of the islands, which it plans to bring onstream by 2016. However, analysts at Edison Investment Research noted in March that a total of 8.3 billion barrels could lie offshore. So expect each anniversary and the run up to it from here on to be accompanied by ‘crude’ rhetoric and much frothing from Buenos Aires.

When it comes to being ‘crude’, the Argentines are in a class of their own. Just ask Repsol! On Wednesday, the country’s Senate approved the controversial decision, announced last week by President Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner, to nationalise Repsol YPF thereby stripping Spanish giant Repsol’s controlling stake in YPF.

Following the bizarre but locally popular announcement last week, while its stock plummeted, rating agencies scrambled to downgrade Repsol YPF’s ratings with Fitch Ratings and Moody’s doing so in tandem. Warnings to Argentina from the Spanish government, EU Trade Commission and last but not the least Repsol itself have since followed.

Repsol wants around US$10 billion for its 57.4% stake in YPF, but Argentina has said it does not recognise that valuation. There also one more thing they don’t possibly recognise - it’s called ‘sound economics’ which often gets trumped by ‘good politics’ in that jurisdiction. A number of analysts’ notes have been doing the rounds since April 17th when Kirchner went down the route towards nationalisation. Most had the same dire forecast for Repsol, but for the Oilholic, one issued by the inimitable Stuart Joyner, head of oil and gas at Investec, stood out.

In it he notes, “The apparent decision to nationalise YPF means we move to a worst case for the value of Repsol's 57.4% stake. The Argentine Tango is the consummate dance of love, but there was little affection for the country's largest foreign investor in Buenos Aires yesterday.”

Well said sir! Meanwhile with near perfect symmetry while the Argentines were being crudely castigated, Time magazine decided to name Brazilian behemoth Petrobras' CEO Maria das Graças Silva Foster one of the most influential people in the world. That’s all for the moment folks! Keep reading, keep it ‘crude’!

© Gaurav Sharma 2012. Photo: Gas pipeline © National Geographic photo stock.

India’s Iran connection & the crudely high price

Don’t say the Oilholic did not tell you so after his Indian adventure – that India will find it very hard to match Europeans on censuring Iran in ‘crude’ terms! An interesting newswire copy from the Indo-Asian News Service (IANS) as cited by broadcaster NDTV notes that in fact, India is set to step up its energy and business ties with Tehran.

The news emerges in wake of an attack earlier this month on an Israeli diplomat carried out barely yards from the Indian Prime Minister’s residence in Delhi, for which Isreal is blaming Iran. It shows you how ‘crude’ the Delhi-Tehran ties are. The blogosphere is rife with news that it is becoming increasingly difficult for Indian oil companies to pay their Iranian counterparts in wake of international sanctions which hamper processing of international payments and place limits on what the central bank - Reserve Bank of India (RBI) - can or cannot do. Well placed sources suggest that various options from routing payments via Turkey and in suitcases are being trialled.

Pragmatically speaking, few can blame India for not curtailing ties with a country which supplies 10% of its crude imports. The Iranian situation coupled with the geopolitical influence of other events in Nigeria and Sudan alongside a Greek rescue and the Chinese Central bank’s cut of the required reserve ratio of its domestic banks (on Saturday to ease borrowing) have all come together to introduce bullish trends.

The crude price is currently at an 8-month high; when last checked @13:45GMT on Feb 23rd – the ICE Brent forward month futures contract was at US$124.33 per barrel and WTI was at US$106.33 per barrel. Three City analysts told the Oilholic this morning that the strong upside rally in the oil market is likely to continue for some time yet. Additionally, in a note to clients JP Morgan Chase raised its 2012 price forecast for Brent crude by US$6 to US$118 a barrel and its 2013 forecast by US$4 to US$125 a barrel.

Meanwhile, former UK Chancellor of the Exchequer Lord Lamont – who is now the Chairman of the British-Iranian Chamber of Commerce – recently told BBC Radio 4 that imposing economic sanctions on Iran will not work.

"I can only say we are banging our heads against a wall with this approach...Iran will not buckle under these sanctions. The effect of sanctions is to hit the private sector in Iran, drive companies bankrupt and drive them into the arms of the government, or into the hands of the Revolutionary Guards and into alliances with people in the government smuggling the goods they desperately need," he said.

"I'm not sure this will have the right effect. Could this produce regime change? It's possible but in my view it's just as likely that it will bolster the strength of the regime," Lord Lamont concluded. According to the BBC, data compiled by companies exporting to Iran show that direct trade dropped from just under £500 million in 2008 - to an estimated £170 million in 2011. Blimey – didn’t know we had that much bilateral trade in the first place!

Moving away from what a former UK Chancellor said, an Indian wire reported and the Oilholic ranted about, it is time to discuss some interesting bits of reading material. This humble blog’s rapidly rising North American fan base (to put it modestly) would be keen to know that Reuters’ very own resident Oilholic – Tom Bergin’s splendid book on BP’s Macondo fiasco and its corporate culture – Spills and Spin: The Inside Story of BP – saw its US edition launched earlier this week.

Here’s the review, and if you lot in the US haven’t been cheeky and ordered a UK copy from an internet retailer, the Oilholic would recommend that you visit you a friendly neighbourhood bookstore (or library) where you are likely to find a local edition. From Bergin’s book which raises serious questions on corporate ethics to a Pastor who raises a rather pious question for us all really - Where would Jesus Frack?

According to the Pittsburgh Tribune Review, a pastor told environmentalists last month that there is a scriptural basis for opposing Marcellus Shale drilling in the US. The Rev. Leah Schade, pastor of the United in Christ Church in Union County, Pennsylvania, USA, wore a hand-sewn white patch that said, "WWJF - Where Would Jesus Frack?" and dropped to her knees to demonstrate the power of prayer.

Asked later to answer the question on her blouse, Schade said, "I don't believe Jesus would be fracking anywhere." She cited Genesis 2;15: "God put human beings into the Garden to till it and keep it, not drill and poison it." Amen!

Continuing with interesting things to read, finally here is a comparison drawn by BBC journalist Vanessa Barford on what are the competing claims of UK and Argentina over the Falkland Islands – an old diplomatic spat which has recently acquired a crude dimension. Last but not the least, here is a video of yours truly on an OPEC broadcast discussing project investment by the cartel at its 160th meeting of ministers in December. That’s all for the moment folks! Keep reading, keep it 'crude'!

© Gaurav Sharma 2012. Photo I: Veneco Oil Platform © Rich Reid - National Geographic. Photo II: Front Cover (US Edition) – Spills and Spin © Random House Publishers.

Greece isn’t hitting crude on a standalone basis

Now how many times have we been here in recent times when yet another week begins with market chatter about Eurozone contagion and Greece weighing on the price of Black Gold? Quite frankly it is now getting excruciatingly painful – the chatter that is! The linkage between the abysmal state of affairs in Greece and lower crude prices is neither simple nor linear and a tad overblown from a global standpoint.

Bearish trends are being noted owing to an accumulation of macro factors. Worries about state of the US economy, should lead and actually led the bearish way not Greece. Nonetheless, since Greece’s economic woes have become the poster children of wider problems in the Eurozone for a while now, concerns about its economy never fail to dampen intraday trade on a Monday.

Sucden Financial Research’s Myrto Sokou notes that crude oil prices have started the week on a negative side, as weaker global equity markets and persistent concerns about Greek debt crisis weighed heavily on market sentiment and prompted investors to lock in recent profits. WTI crude oil slid lower 1% toward US$87 per barrel, while Brent oil contract retreated to retest the US$111 per barrel area.

Simply put, European leaders’ decision to delay the Greek tranche payment and EFSF expansion decisions until October, has hit futures trading this side of the Atlantic. Additionally, in the absence of major economic indicators this week, Sokou notes that investors will now be watching for currency movements that could give some direction to the energy market. In any case, investors are being cautious ahead of the two-day US FOMC meeting which concludes on Wednesday.

This week comes on the back of Société Générale’s research published last week which suggested a meaningful slide in oil prices should begin in the next 30-45 days. It is worth rewinding to last Christmas when a stunted recovery was taking hold and people were forecasting oil prices in the circa of US$120 per barrel for 2012. Here’s an example of a JP Morgan research note to clients from December 2010. This not to say that a US$120 price is not achievable – but the last six weeks of ‘over’ listening (or not) to the Greeks’ problems, economic stagnation in the US and even declining consumption forecasts for Asian markets has seen most analysts revise their 2012 forecasts down by almost US$10 per barrel on average.

OPEC Secretary General Abdalla Salem el-Badri certainly thinks there isn’t one economic woe without the other – not just Greece! Speaking at a forum, el-Badri noted that global demand for oil was seen rising at a level which was below expectations. He attributed this to fiscal woes in Europe (sigh!), high unemployment in the US and possible Chinese government action to prevent overheating of their economy.

El-Badri, a Libyan himself, also expressed hope that Libyan production would rise by 500,000 to 600,000 barrels per day (bpd) sometime in the near future. Club all bearish sentiments together, and even the OPEC secretary general is surprised that there has not been an even greater price correction in the crude markets.

Moving away from pricing, two noteworthy corporate stories these past few days have come from the US and Falkland Islands. On September 12, French engineering firm Technip announced its intention to acquire 100% of shares of US-based subsea company Global Industries Ltd. for a total transaction value of US$1.073 billion in cash, including approximately US$136 million of net debt.

The deal is slated for completion over Q1 2012. Elsewhere, British company Rockhopper Exploration, which is searching for crude stuff off the coast of Falkland Islands said on September 15 that it has made further significant finds.

It now expects to start pumping oil by 2016 and would need US$2.1 billion to develop its Sea Lion prospect. Company estimates are for 350 million barrels of recoverable reserves and production peak of 120,000 bpd is expected in 2018. Given the figure, smart money is on Rockhopper either partnering with another company or being taken over by a major. While Rockhopper continues to surprise, that the Argentines are moaning is hardly a surprise.

The Falkland Islands have always be a bone of contention between Argentina and UK who went to war over the Islands in 1982 after the former invaded. UK forces wrested back control of the islands, held by it since 1833, after a week long war that killed 649 Argentine and 255 British service personnel according to UK archives.

The prospect of oil in the region has renewed diplomatic spats with the Argentines complaining to the UN and launching fresh claims of sovereignty. Since, most Falkland islanders want to retain British sovereignty – UK PM David Cameron has declared the issue “non-negotiable”, while Argentina has declared him “arrogant”. It is at present, as the Oilholic noted last year, nothing more than a bit of diplomatic argy-bargy with an oily dimension and is highly likely to stay there.

Finally, concluding on a much lighter note, the London Stock Exchange (LSE), a preferred destination for oilholics, energy majors and miners for their listings, has quite literally become a hive of activity. One is reliably informed via its press office that the LSE has introduced 60,000 bees to their new home in hives situated on the roof of its City HQ at Paternoster Square (see photo on the left).

The introduction of the busy bees is aimed at encouraging growth of the urban bee population in the UK. The initiative is in a partnership with award-winning UK social enterprise - The Golden Company - which works with young people to develop viable businesses that produce, market and sell honey and honey-based natural cosmetics.

Xavier Rolet, CEO of LSE Group describes the move as the perfect example of community and business working together. Ilka Weissbrod, Director of The Golden Company says bees on the roof will be looked after by their ‘Bee Guardians’ together with members of LSE staff and everyone was looking forward to seeing the bees settle in their new home. Sounds like fun!

© Gaurav Sharma 2011. Photo 1: Pump Jacks Perryton, Texas, USA © Joel Sartore / National Geographic. Photo 2: Bees atop the London Stock Exchange © LSE Press Office, September 2011.

Some Crude Chatter from Moody’s & Other Stuff

There’s been some interesting chatter from Moody’s these past seven days on all things crude. Some of these stood out for me. Early last week in a note to clients, the rating agency opined that CNOOC Ltd's Aa3 issuer and senior unsecured ratings would not be immediately affected by the Chinese company's additional equity investment of US$2.47 billion in its 50% joint-venture Bridas Corp.

The investment represents CNOOC's share of funding contributions for Bridas to purchase a remaining 60% interest in Pan American Energy, which is engaged in E&P ops in South America. Bridas plans to fund 70% of its purchase by equity and 30% by debt or additional contributions from shareholders.

CNOOC is funding its equity contribution to Bridas with internal resources on hand. The transaction would give it an additional 429 million BOE of proved reserves and 68,000 bpd daily production in South America, according to Moody’s. Completion of the transaction is expected to take place during H1 2011, that’s of course government and regulatory approvals pending.

However, the crude chatter of the week not just from Moody's, but from the entire market was the agency’s interesting analytical take on oil sands producers’ operating considerations. In a report titled – Analytical Considerations for Oil Sands Producers – the agency notes that while comparing oil sands development and production projects to conventional development and production projects, the former have much larger upfront development costs[1].

Such projects are more likely to incur construction cost overruns, and quite simply take much longer to reach breakeven cash flow. Other features include higher cash operating costs per barrel of oil equivalent, very long reserve life and low maintenance capital expenditures once in production, particularly of mining oil sands operations, the report said.

One might say that parts of the report are predictable but it must be noted that in analysing companies with relatively large oil sands exposure, Moody's balances the negative aspects of the difficult construction period against the anticipated long-term positive contributions from these assets. So well, on balance, I found the principal tenets to be very convincing.

Let us face it, whether peak oil will be here soon or not, “easy oil” (interchangeable with cheap oil) is most certainly gone. Cost overruns are unlikely to deter big oil. So far Shell has invested just under US$10 billion (River Oil Sands), Chevron US$9 billion (Athabasca), ExxonMobil US$5 billion (Kearl Oil sands investment) and BP is said to be catching up via its Sunrise oil sands investment.

Elsewhere, Desire Petroleum’s saga of will they find oil in the Falklands Is. or won't they or worse still when will they give up continues. Its share price saw wild swings and ended in a damp squib (haven’t we heard that before).

On the left, for the umpteenth time, here is Desire’s undesirable share chart (see the day's price nose-dive). To quote The Daily Mail’s inimitable Geoff Foster, “Many professional punters are gluttons for punishment. They continually get suckered into seat-of-your pants oil stocks and more often than not, live to regret it.”

I do not wish to tempt fate, but Desire Petroleum is no Cairn Energy. I do hope for Desire's sake that they do strike black gold in meaningful if not bountiful quantities. However, the market response to a whiff of positive news is nothing short of barmy.

[1] The report is available on Moody's web site.

© Gaurav Sharma 2010. Photo: Oil Sands, Canada © Shell, Graphic: Desire Petroleum Share Chart with stated time frame © Digital Look / BBC

Cairn Energy: Choosing Greenland over India?

It seems Cairn Energy has shifted its attention from India to Greenland. What else can be said of the Edinburgh-based independent upstream upstart’s announcement of plans to sell a 51% stake in its Indian operations to mining group Vedanta for up to US$8.5 billion?

After a week of nudges and winks, Cairn confirmed rumours of the sale doing the rounds in the city of London. The company’s Indian operations have a market capitalisation of just over US$14 billion which makes Cairn India, the country’s fourth largest oil company.

Apart from seeking a "substantial return of cash" to shareholders, it is now clear that Cairn hopes to pursue its drilling ambitions in Greenland with some vigour. In a media statement, Cairn’s chief executive Sir Bill Gammell said, “I am delighted to announce the proposed disposal of a significant shareholding in Cairn India in line with our objective of adding and realising value for shareholders.”

To fathom what the announcement means for Cairn energy is easy. In fact, market analysts I have spoken to reckon the sale would generate more than adequate capital for Cairn's Greenland prospection in the medium term. This makes Cairn pretty cash rich and the market wonders what the inimitable Bill Gammell has up his sleeve. That it could bag another similarly scaled production asset akin to its fields in India’s Rajasthan state is doubtful.

Working out what the deal means for Vedanta is trickier. Its chief executive Anil Agarwal gave a rather simplistic explanation. In a statement he said, “The proposed acquisition significantly enhances Vedanta's position as a natural resources champion in India. Cairn India's Rajasthan asset is world class in terms of scale and cost, delivering strong and growing cash flow.”

Hence, simply put Vedanta has stated its intentions of venturing beyond metals and make a headline grabbing foray into the oil and gas sector. The market would be watching how the two aspects of the business gel under the Vedanta umbrella, but there are precedents of success – most notably at BHP Billiton.

In a related development, Cairn energy was featured in Deloitte’s half-yearly assessment of UK independent oil and gas companies. At the end of H1 2010, according to Deloitte the top five UK independent oil companies by market capitalisation were - Tullow Oil, Cairn Energy, Premier Oil, SOCO International and Heritage Oil in that order. The top three have maintained their respective positions from December 2009 while SOCO International entered the top five with a 31% increase in market capitalisation.

Overall, the first half of the year was broadly positive for the UK independents, with market capitalisation of the majority of companies in the league table increasing by 4.6% over the 6 month period to 30 June 2010. It stood at £26.482 billion as of end-June. (Click box on the left for the entire list)

On the oil price front, the crude stuff plummeted nearly 7% over the course of the week ended Fri 13th on either side of the pond. The price resistance is presently above US$75 a barrel and I expect it to remain there despite some pretty disappointing economic data doing the rounds these days. Looking further ahead, analysts at Société Générale’s Cross Asset Research team forecast NYMEX WTI to average US$80 in Q3 2010 (revised down by $10) and $85 in Q4 2010 (revised down by $5).

Looking further ahead, an investment note states that they expect NYMEX WTI of US$92.30 in 2011 (revised down by $8.70). NYMEX WTI is forecast at US$88.30/$87.50 in Q1 2011/Q2 2011, increasing to $95/$98.30 in Q3 2011/Q4 2011. On a monthly average basis, Société Générale expects NYMEX WTI of US$87.50 in December 2010 and $100 in December 2011.

In truth, fear of a double dip recession persists in wider market, especially in the US, EU and UK. However, many crude traders are quietly confident that in such an event, India and China’s crude oil consumption will help maintain the oil price at US$70 plus levels.

© Gaurav Sharma 2010. Photo courtesy © Cairn Energy Plc. Chart Courtesy © Deloitte LLP

Mainly About Fund Managers & BP

Do some mutual fund managers know something about BP that we don’t or rather the wider market does not?

The answer is a flat ‘no’. Following the Gulf of Mexico oil spill which began on April 20th, BP’s market value has declined 40%. All what these guys did was not react to the headlines. That is simply because they saw an opportunity based on the conjecture that BP is too big to file for a US Chapter 11 bankruptcy (even if it wanted to).

One contact of mine in the industry says, “When others panic we don’t. On the contrary we see value in a cheap stock because let’s face it - BP is not going to go bankrupt despite all the garbage in the popular press. Four weeks ago its stock was as cheap as it can get.”

There is a thought process behind all this. To begin with, the crude oil price has averaged US$78 a barrel for the first six months of the year and many in the market believe it will end the year above the US$80 mark. Furthermore, the oil giant’s financials indicate that it has been raking in over US$30 billion in operating income each year in recent financial years.

Additionally, BP is methodically making asset sales. It is in negotiations with US developer Apache Corp. with regard to a massive asset sale to the tune of US$12 billion according to UK media reports. Some reports are also naming Standard Chartered as the bank responsible for setting up the oil giant’s crisis fund of US$5.25 billion launched in May.

In a related development, Magellan Midstream Partners announced that it has agreed to acquire certain petroleum storage and pipelines for US$339 million, including about US$50 million in inventory from BP Pipelines (North America) Inc. Moody’s notes that the move will not impact Magellan’s Baa2 senior unsecured debt ratings and stable rating outlook at this time. Its rating has stayed at Baa2 since March 5, 2009.

Meanwhile BBC news has just reported that BP has temporarily stopped oil from leaking into the Gulf, pending further tests. A spokesman confirmed that further work is being carried out. Elsewhere political pressure continues to mount on the oil giant as US media reports suggests it could potentially be hit with a 7-year drilling ban.

Away from the oil spill, uncertainty off the Falkland Islands continues as shares in Falkland Oil & Gas fell sharply after the company said it would give up on one of its oil wells – Toroa – off the coast of the South Falklands.

Despite its optimism in May when it started drilling, the company now says there are no hydrocarbons there and it will plug the well. However, it said that it still hoped there was oil in the area. In June, Rockhopper Exploration said it was looking to raise US$75 million after striking above-expectation reserves of oil in the region. A number of the small scale UK oil & gas upstarts are searching for oil in the Falklands, despite strong opposition from Argentina.

Argentina and UK went to war over the Falkland Islands in 1982 after the former invaded. UK forces wrested back control of the islands, held by it since 1833, after a week long war that killed 649 Argentine and 255 British service personnel. The Islands have always be a bone of contention between the two countries. The prospect of oil in the region has renewed diplomatic spats with the Argentines complaining to the UN and launching fresh claims of sovereignty.

© Gaurav Sharma 2010. Logo courtesy © BP Plc

Cairn’s Indian Find Continues to Excite

Cairn Energy’s oilfields in the Indian state of Rajasthan continue to excite. In a trading statement last week, the company raised its estimate of reserves from 175,000 barrels of oil per day to a potential 240,000 barrels of oil. Cairn’s stock rose nearly 11.5% intraday as the markets greeted the news with much gusto as did the Indian media given the oily needs of the country’s burgeoning economy.

Cairn also hopes the opening of a new 590 km pipeline over the second quarter of 2010, which will connect the Mangala oilfield to Salaya port (in Gujarat state), would further fire-up production. Currently, oil from Mangala is transported by road haulage tankers.

In other trading data, Cairn posted an operating profit of $53 million in 2009, up from $11 million in 2008. Its Chief Executive Sir Bill Gammell also sounded optimistic about the company's prospects in Greenland. Cairn is to prospect for oil at four drilling sites in Baffin Bay and estimates these areas could contain over 4.0 billion barrels of oil.

Sir Bill says, "It’ll take stamina, skill and indeed luck to find hydrocarbons in the area." That was probably his philosophy when he bought his company’s Indian assets from Royal Dutch Shell; and it sure has yielded dividends.

In contrasting fortunes, it seems drilling for the crude stuff off the Falkland Islands coast may not be economically feasible after all the argy-bargy between UK and Argentina. The prospect of oil in the region renewed diplomatic spats with the Argentine Government complaining to the UN and launching fresh claims of sovereignty on the Falkland Islands, over which in went to war with the British and lost.

UK promptly rejected the recent claims on basis of the right of self-government of the people of the Islands "underpinned by the principle of self-determination as set out in the UN charter". The people are happy to be British subjects and have been for over a century. All the caterwauling now sounds foolish and premature.

In a corporate announcement in London on Monday, Desire Petroleum – one of the British companies prospecting for oil in the area – said initial results from its Liz 14/19-1 well, in the North Falkland basin prospection zone, showed quantities of oil may be small and of poor quality.

Shares in Desire, recently named among Deloitte’s upstream upstarts, ended Monday trading in London down nearly 50%. Rockhopper Exploration, another company drilling in the region with a 7.5% interest in the Liz well, saw its shares tumble 25.5%. Other regional players also took a hit across the board. Desire Petroleum will need to drill further and deeper than anticipated if it has the will to find better quantities of oil and gas. "It will not be possible to determine the significance of the hydrocarbons encountered and whether the well will need to be drilled deeper, suspended for testing or plugged and abandoned," the company said.

© Gaurav Sharma 2010. Photo Courtesy © Cairn Energy Plc

Deloitte’s Take on UK Upstream Independents

A report into activities of UK upstream independent companies published by consulting firm Deloitte this morning makes-up for quite interesting reading. Its ranking of 25 leading independents has the usual suspects – Tullow Oil and Cairn Energy atop, as first and second. However, movements elsewhere in the table narrate a story of their own.

Desire Petroleum Plc, Borders & Southern Petroleum Plc and Rockhopper Exploration Plc rose in market value rankings for London-listed independent production companies as they hold exploration rights near the Falkland Islands. According to the report, Desire, which started exploratory drilling in Falkland Island Waters for the first time since 1998, rose by 10 places to 14th place, Borders & Southern rose 17 places to break into the top 25 at 15th and Rockhopper Exploration Plc rose 23 places to 26 – just outside the top 25.

Desire’s Liz prospection field has estimated resources of between 40 million and 800 million barrels, according to published reports. Meanwhile, Falkland Oil and Gas Plc, another operator, has estimated resources of between 380 million and 2.9 billion barrels at its Tora prospection, according to its Q4 documents.

Argentina and UK went to war over the Falkland Islands in 1982 after the former invaded. UK forces wrested back control of the islands, held by it since 1833, after a week long war that killed 649 Argentine and 255 British service personnel. The Islands have always be a bone of contention between the two countries. The prospect of oil in the region has renewed diplomatic spats with the Argentines complaining to the UN and launching fresh claims of sovereignty.

UK has rejected the claims on the basis of the right of self-government of the people of the Islands "underpinned by the principle of self-determination as set out in the UN charter". Market commentators feel the fresh round of diplomatic salvos are as much about oil as they are about politics. A widely held belief that fresh conflict was highly unlikely could precipitate in independent operators in the region being taken over by oil majors.

Ian Sperling-Tyler, co-head of oil and gas corporate finance at Deloitte, raised some very important points while doing his press rounds. In separate interviews with Bloomberg and CNBC Europe, he opined that the wider market would have to wait and see what effect political risk will have on activity levels in the Falklands. However, he thinks it is highly plausible that operators in the Falklands were not big enough to monetise those assets on their own.

Hence, they could very well be acquired by a bigger company. And well the independents are growing bigger by the month too. The top two in the league table - Tullow Oil, which is developing reserves in Uganda, and Cairn Energy, which focuses on India, accounted for 60% of the market capitalisation of the top 25 companies for 2009, the report shows (click on image).

As for the diplomatic row between the two nations; it’s nothing more than a bit of argy-bargy with an oily dimension and is highly likely to stay there. Meanwhile, the BBC reports that Spanish oil giant Repsol might be about to join the exploration party from the Argentinean side.

© Gaurav Sharma 2010. Table Scan © Deloitte LLP UK